What are the powers and functions of Election Commission of India

The Election Commission of India (ECI) holds extensive powers under Article 324 of the Constitution to ensure free and fair elections.

 

Administrative Powers

 

The ECI determines electoral constituencies based on delimitation acts, prepares and revises electoral rolls, and registers voters. It notifies election schedules, scrutinizes nominations, grants recognition to political parties, allots symbols, and enforces the Model Code of Conduct (MCC). Additionally, it supervises polling staff deployment, monitors campaign spending, cancels rigged polls, and requisitions government staff for elections.

 

Quasi-Judicial Powers

 

The ECI resolves disputes over political party recognition and symbol allotment under the Election Symbols Order, 1968. It acts as a tribunal for electoral offenses, appoints inquiry officers, and issues binding orders on violations like booth capturing or corrupt practices.

 

Advisory Powers

 

It advises the President on disqualifying MPs and the Governor on MLAs for defection or offenses. The ECI also counsels on holding elections in President's Rule states and consults on court-referred corrupt practice cases, with its opinion binding on authorities.

 

Supervisory Powers

 

The ECI directs the entire election machinery, transfers non-compliant officials, and issues instructions to central/state governments for neutrality. This includes media regulation, voter education via SVEEP, and result declarations.