Basic questions on Political Science - all you need to know

 

Here’s some basic questions from political science – that all you need to know

 

1. What is political science?

 

   - Political science is the study of politics, government systems, political behaviour, and political institutions.

 

2. What is the state?

   - The state is a political entity characterized by a defined territory, a permanent population, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.

 

3. Define sovereignty.

 

   - Sovereignty refers to the supreme authority of a state to govern itself without interference from external sources.

 

4. What is democracy?

 

   - Democracy is a system of government where power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through elected representatives.

 

5. What is a constitution?

 

   - A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents that govern a state or organization.

 

6. Define federalism.

 

   - Federalism is a system of government where power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

 

7. What are the branches of government in a presidential system?

 

   - The branches of government in a presidential system are the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

 

8. What is the role of the executive branch?

 

   - The executive branch is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws, as well as administering government policies.

 

9. Define separation of powers.

 

   - Separation of powers is the principle that the powers of government should be divided among separate branches to prevent abuse of power.

 

10. What is the role of the legislative branch?

 

    - The legislative branch is responsible for making laws and representing the interests of the people.

 

11. What is a political party?

 

    - A political party is a group of individuals with similar political ideologies who seek to gain and maintain control of government through the electoral process.

 

12. What is a political ideology?

 

    - A political ideology is a set of beliefs and values that guide political behavior and policy preferences.

 

13. Define liberalism.

 

    - Liberalism is a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedom, equality, and the protection of civil liberties.

 

14. Define conservatism.

 

    - Conservatism is a political ideology that emphasizes tradition, authority, and the preservation of existing social institutions.

 

15. What is socialism?

 

    - Socialism is a political and economic system characterized by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production.

 

16. What is communism?

    - Communism is a political and economic ideology advocating for a classless society where the means of production are owned by the community as a whole.

 

17. Define fascism.

 

    - Fascism is a far-right authoritarian political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, extreme nationalism, and the suppression of dissent.

 

18. What is the role of the judiciary?

 

    - The judiciary is responsible for interpreting and applying the law, as well as resolving disputes between individuals and the state.

 

19. What is the rule of law?

 

    - The rule of law is the principle that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and enforced.

 

20. Define civil rights.

 

    - Civil rights are the rights of individuals to be treated equally and to have equal access to opportunities and protections under the law.

 

21. What is civil disobedience?

 

    - Civil disobedience is the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey a law or command as a form of protest against perceived injustice.

 

22. What is political participation?

 

    - Political participation refers to any activity by individuals or groups aimed at influencing government decision-making or public policy.

 

23. Define political culture.

 

    - Political culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, and norms about politics held by members of a society.

 

24. What is public opinion?

 

    - Public opinion refers to the collective attitudes and beliefs of individuals on issues of public interest or concern.

 

25. What is political socialization?

 

    - Political socialization is the process by which individuals acquire their political attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors through interactions with family, schools, media, and other social institutions.

 

26. Define political ideology.

 

    - Political ideology is a set of beliefs, values, and ideas about the proper role of government and the organization of society.

 

27. What is a political system?

 

    - A political system is a set of institutions, laws, and procedures that regulate government and politics in a particular country or region.

 

28. What is the difference between direct and representative democracy?

 

    - In a direct democracy, citizens directly participate in decision-making, while in a representative democracy, citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

 

29. What is the difference between a unitary and federal system of government?

 

    - In a unitary system, power is centralized in a single national government, while in a federal system, power is divided between a central government and regional governments.

 

30. Define totalitarianism.

 

    - Totalitarianism is a form of government characterized by centralized control, suppression of opposition, and a highly regulated society.

 

31. What is the role of interest groups in politics?

    - Interest groups represent the interests of specific groups of people and seek to influence government policy through lobbying and advocacy.

 

32. Define political economy.

 

    - Political economy is the study of the relationship between politics and economics, including how political institutions influence economic policies and outcomes.

 

33. What is the difference between civil liberties and civil rights?

 

    - Civil liberties refer to the freedoms guaranteed to individuals by law, such as freedom of speech and religion, while civil rights refer to the rights of individuals to be treated equally and to have equal access to opportunities under the law.

 

34. Define globalization.

 

    - Globalization is the process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among countries through trade, investment, technology, and cultural exchange.

 

35. What is the role of the media in politics?

 

    - The media plays a crucial role in informing the public, shaping public opinion, and holding government officials accountable through investigative journalism and reporting.

 

36. Define political legitimacy.

 

    - Political legitimacy is the belief and acceptance by the governed that the government has the right to rule and exercise authority.

 

37. What is political corruption?

 

    - Political corruption refers to the abuse of power by government officials for personal gain or to benefit a particular group or individual.

 

38. What is the difference between a nation and a state?

 

    - A nation is a group of people with a shared culture, history, and identity, while a state is a politically organized community with a defined territory and government.

 

39. Define nationalism.

 

    - Nationalism is a political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation, often to the exclusion or detriment of others.

 

40. What is political stability?

 

    - Political stability refers to the absence of major political upheaval or instability, allowing for consistent governance and economic development.

 

41. What is the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in politics?

 

    - NGOs play a significant role in advocating for specific causes, providing services, and holding governments accountable to their citizens.

 

42. Define political polarization.

 

    - Political polarization refers to the divergence of political attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors between individuals or groups, often leading to increased political conflict and division.

 

 

 

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